What is your experience with PCP?

What is your experience with PCP? Phencyclidine, commonly known as PCP or “angel dust,” is a dissociative anesthetic that emerged in the 1950s as an intravenous anesthetic for medical use. However, due to severe side effects such as agitation, delusions, and irrational behavior during recovery, its use in humans was discontinued in 1965. Despite this, PCP found its way into recreational use, leading to widespread abuse and significant health concerns.

Chemical Composition and Forms

In its pure form, PCP is a white crystalline powder with a distinctive bitter chemical taste. It is soluble in water and alcohol, allowing it to be formulated in various forms, including tablets, capsules, liquids, and powders. The drug is often smoked, sometimes after being applied to a leafy material such as mint, parsley, oregano, or marijuana. It can also be snorted, ingested orally, or injected, making it versatile in methods of administration.

Illinois Department of Human Services

Mechanism of Action

PCP primarily acts on the central nervous system by inhibiting the action of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, a subtype of glutamate receptor. This inhibition disrupts the normal functioning of glutamate, a neurotransmitter associated with perception of pain, responses to the environment, and memory. The result is a dissociative state characterized by a sense of detachment from reality, distortions in perception, and hallucinations.

Short-Term Effects

The effects of PCP can vary significantly based on the dose, route of administration, and individual factors such as the user’s weight, metabolism, and psychological state. At low to moderate doses, users may experience:

Euphoria: A heightened sense of well-being and pleasure.
Numbness: Reduced sensitivity to pain, which can lead to accidental injuries.
Loss of Coordination: Difficulty in maintaining balance and controlling movements.
Slurred Speech: Impaired ability to articulate words clearly.
Blank Stare and Rapid Eye Movements: Observable physical signs indicating neurological effects.

At higher doses, the effects become more severe and may include:

Hallucinations: Seeing or hearing things that are not present.
Paranoia: Intense and irrational distrust or suspicion of others.
Delusions: Strong beliefs in things that are not based in reality.
Agitation and Aggression: Increased likelihood of violent behavior.
Amnesia: Memory loss, particularly concerning events that occurred while under the influence.

In extreme cases, high doses can lead to seizures, coma, and even death.

WebMD

Long-Term Effects

Chronic use of PCP is associated with a range of long-term effects that can have a profound impact on an individual’s health and quality of life. These include:

Cognitive Impairment: Difficulties with memory, attention, and learning.
Speech Problems: Persistent issues with articulation and communication.
Depression and Anxiety: Mental health disorders that may require long-term treatment.
Social Withdrawal: A tendency to isolate oneself from social interactions.
Weight Loss: Resulting from decreased appetite and neglect of nutrition.

Additionally, there is evidence suggesting that prolonged PCP use can lead to persistent psychosis, a condition characterized by a disconnection from reality, which may persist even after discontinuing the drug.

Compassion Behavioral Health

Addiction and Dependence

PCP is known to be addictive, with users developing both psychological dependence and tolerance, leading to increased consumption to achieve the desired effects. Withdrawal symptoms can include headaches, sweating, and cravings, making cessation challenging without professional assistance.

Oxford Treatment

Legal Status and Street Names

PCP is classified as a Schedule II substance in the United States, indicating a high potential for abuse and the possibility of severe psychological or physical dependence. Common street names for PCP include “angel dust,” “hog,” “peace pills,” and “embalming fluid.” It is often sold in combination with other substances, which can increase the risk of adverse reactions.

Talk To Frank

Emergency Department Visits

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) reported a significant increase in emergency department visits related to PCP use between 2005 and 2011. The data indicated a rise from approximately 14,825 visits in 2005 to 75,538 visits in 2011, highlighting the growing public health concern associated with PCP abuse.

SAMHSA

Treatment Options

Currently, there are no specific medications approved to treat PCP addiction. However, behavioral therapies, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and motivational interviewing, have shown effectiveness in helping individuals reduce or cease PCP use. Comprehensive treatment programs often include counseling, support groups, and strategies to manage cravings and prevent relapse.

WebMD

Conclusion

PCP is a powerful and dangerous substance with a high potential for abuse and severe health consequences. Its dissociative and hallucinogenic effects can lead to unpredictable behavior, posing risks not only to the user but also to others. Understanding the nature of PCP, its effects, and the associated risks is crucial for both individuals and communities to address and mitigate the challenges posed by this drug.

References